“衛(wèi)生系統(tǒng)外語水平考試:英語長難句之倒裝句”相信是準(zhǔn)備衛(wèi)生系統(tǒng)外語水平考試的朋友比較關(guān)心的事情,為此,醫(yī)學(xué)教育網(wǎng)小編整理內(nèi)容如下:
倒裝句
(1)理論常識
倒裝句的幾種形式
1) 以here , there ,then , now , next引出的倒裝句
Here comes the special guest of the party .
There seem to be many beautiful girls in the university .
2) 以表地點的介詞短語引出的倒裝句
At the school gate stood an old woman .
Under the tree are sitting some students .
On the bed lay a big teddy bear .
注意:主語為代詞是不用倒裝。
3) 以表示方位的副詞引出的倒裝句
Off went the horse .
Down fell a dozen apples .
4) 否定詞或具有否定意義的詞及詞組用在句首
Never have I seen such a good teacher .
Not a moment did he waste on campus .
By no means should she be left alone .
Under no circumstances will I believe you .
5) only置于句首
Only in this way can we make a difference .
6) as / though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句
Rich as he is , he spends a cent on charity .
Try as / though he does , he never seems able to get a high score in the exams .
7) 在虛擬條件句中,連詞if省略時,即將were , had , should等詞提到句首
Were I you , I would take this chance .
Should he come tomorrow , he would help us to settle the problem .
(2)題舉例
Odd though it sounds , cosmic inflation is a scientifically plausible consequence of some respected ideas in elementary-particle physics , and many astrophysicists have been convinced for the better part of a decade that it is true.
重點詞匯及短語:plausible,adj. 貌似可信的;consequence,n. 結(jié)果、推論;astrophysicist,n. 天體物理學(xué)家
參考譯文:盡管它聽起來很奇怪,宇宙膨脹說是在基礎(chǔ)粒子物理學(xué)中的一些公認(rèn)的觀點在科學(xué)上貌似可信的推論,并且很多天體物理學(xué)家在近十年中已經(jīng)相信這種理論是真實的。
插入句型結(jié)構(gòu)
(1)理論常識
插入結(jié)構(gòu)表示說話人的態(tài)度和看法,解釋或者說明整個句子,去掉之后句子仍然完整。插入結(jié)構(gòu)的成分可以是副詞、形容詞短語、介詞短語、不定式短語、分詞短語或者主謂結(jié)構(gòu)。在這就不一一論述了。但值得注意的是插入語的翻譯,有些插入語,尤其是位于句首的插入語,可保持原文中的詞序。然而,在許多情況下,需要對英語原文句子的順序作必要的調(diào)整,使譯文符合漢語習(xí)慣。
(2)題舉例
The newly revised Danish Fashion Ethical Charter clearly states: " We are aware of impact and take responsibility for the impact the fashion industry has on body ideals, especially on young people".
重點詞匯及短語:
State 陳述,聲明
newly adv. 新近,最 新
revise v. 修訂;復(fù)習(xí)
charter n.章程,憲章
impact n. 撞擊力,沖擊;巨大影響
Danish Fashion Ethical Charter丹麥時裝倫理章程
句子成分分析: 本句的主干部分為The newly revised Danish Fashion Ethical Charter clearly states.
后面為闡述的觀點,也是一個獨立的句子,在該部分里We are aware of impact為主干,后面為省略了that的定語從句,對先行詞impact進(jìn)行解釋說明,并且該部分中especially on young people作為插入語,補充說明前面的body ideals,意思是“對時尚產(chǎn)業(yè)尤其對年輕人在理想體型方面有著重要的影響”。
插入語大都是對一句話進(jìn)行附加說明或解釋,通常由一個詞、一個短語或一個句子構(gòu)成,常置于句首、句中或句末,一般用逗號或破折號與句子隔開。
參考譯文:新修訂的《丹麥道德時尚憲章》明確指出:“時尚產(chǎn)業(yè)對人們——尤其是年輕人,在對理想體型追求方面有著重要的影響,我們意識到自己的這種影響并將擔(dān)負(fù)起相應(yīng)的責(zé)任?!?/p>
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